We cannot talk about oil filter without talking about engine oil.
Oil is an important fluid for the health of any vehicle's engine. It acts as a lubricant, coating all internal engine moving parts to prevent metal-to-metal contact that could lead to failure. Motor oil also helps regulate engine temperature.
However, over time it loses its properties, deteriorating until it is no longer able to effectively perform its function of lubricating various engine components.
There are many factors that cause oil pollution. Most contaminants (sand, asphalt chips, etc.) are carried by the air and mixed in the engine oil.
In addition to dirt from the outside, the engine also "generates" its own impurities. Deterioration of some parts and combustion debris such as water vapor (which accumulates inside the engine when running at low temperatures), acids and carbon can also contaminate the oil.
Because of these contaminations, and to prevent damage to the vehicle, the engine is equipped with an oil filter.
If, as many say, your engine oil is the lifeblood of your engine, then the oil filter is your kidneys, primarily responsible for filtering out unwanted substances.